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One of the most demanding parts of an MEPs job
is to explain to the voters how much of their
everyday life is already governed from Europe.
It can be one of the most frustrating parts of
the job too, because voters do not readily accept
the argument. In Britain, after all, we have grown
up with parliamentary democracy. Our institutions
have evolved over the centuries. They may wear
out a little from time to time. But our people
agree as a matter of principle that they can be
repaired in a pragmatic fashion to adjust to new
problems.
Our national institutions have always proved
capable of reform in this way. That is why the
people’s identification with them remains
so strong. A great majority supports the monarchy.
Nobody but a shrinking minority of left wing Nationalists
wants to rid us of the Parliament at Westminster,
though some of its powers have now been devolved
to the Scottish Parliament.
Such is the tried, trusted and successful way
we do things in Britain. The one problem that
comes over to me as an MEP is that we then find
it hard to grasp how some of our European neighbours
want to do things in a far different way. The
difference is natural enough. They do not have
the same long tradition of peaceful change.
Their histories have been interrupted by revolutions
and wars, by invasions and conquests, by civil
strife and dictatorships. They have developed
into modern democracies, not through a gradual
process of trial and error, through learning what
is best by trying to do it.
Instead, every so often they have broken down
as nation states and had to start again. Then
they tend to impose on themselves some fashionable
political idea, some neat answer to all the world’s
problems. They appeal not to experience but to
theory.
That was what happened during the two decades
following the Second World War, with the foundation
of what was to become the European Union. Tired
of knocking seven kinds of hell out of each other,
France & Germany decided to join forces.
They realised that their repeated attempts to
dominate Europe individually always ended in conflict
and slaughter on a vast scale. They therefore
concluded that the best way to achieve their geo-political
objectives was to create a Franco-German alliance.
That is why the Strasbourg Parliament straddles
the Rhine on the border between France and Germany,
and that is why Franco-German policy has driven
the integrationist agenda ever since.
Whatever else the EU may be, it is not a parliamentary
democracy. We the people have little say in the
process of making policy in Brussels, except at
one remove in electing the governments represented
in the Council of Ministers, and except in the
opinions expressed by our MEPs, who in some areas
have co-decision or legislative powers.
Yet the powers of the bureaucracy in Brussels
have grown. The Commission is now responsible
for 60 per cent of the laws and regulations we
live under in Britain. Most voters do not yet
understand how powerful that bureaucracy has become.
I make it my job to tell them, yet the natural
assumptions of people who have grown up under
a parliamentary democracy are hard to overcome.
The danger is that we sleepwalk into a nightmare
from which there will be no escape.
I say so because no voter who can be persuaded
to look at the issues - even for a moment - will
be able to miss the fact that we may be standing
at the threshold of a new era in Europe. It could
pose a greater threat than ever to the tried and
trusted British way of doing things.
Europe, once again, has to be reformed. Yet the
theory behind the reforms now being proposed to
us is that the European bureaucracy should become
even more powerful. To wield its power to greater
effect, new executive offices should be created.
This is offensive to our traditions of parliamentary
democracy. It is also destructive to the desire
of the Scottish people to take more decisions
for themselves. Scotland is in Europe and Scotland
should stay in Europe, but not at that price.
With our votes at the coming election, we can
defeat this threat to our way of life as a parliamentary
democracy.
The first thing for which we can win Conservative
votes at the election in June is a referendum
on the proposed European constitution. The December
Inter-governmental summit, which was supposed
to put the finishing touches to it, in fact broke
the whole project wide open.
Only the courage of the Spanish and the Poles
who refused to let the Germans and French bully
them over voting rights, saved us from a done
deal. Blair was ready to sign on the dotted line.
Unbelievably, when the summit broke up in disarray,
a senior German Civil Servant was heard saying
to Chancellor Schroeder “Who could imagine
the Poles doing this to Germany, after all we
have done for them!”
However, the new Socialists regime in Madrid
wants to be loved by Paris and Berlin and has
withdrawn any objections to the Constitution,
leaving Poland isolated. They too have now capitulated.
So we can expect the IGC to be re-convened shortly
and the signatures of all 25 Prime Ministers appended
to the European constitution. Tony Blair is prepared
to commit Britain to this new constitution, which
will, for the first time, enshrine the primacy
of EU law. Article 10 of the draft constitution
specifically states that European law “shall
have primacy over the law of the Member States”.
The proposed Constitution would even incorporate
a deeply Socialist ‘Charter of Fundamental
Rights’, giving every citizen of Europe
the constitutional right to strike and to bargain
collectively.
Frighteningly, it also contains an Energy Chapter,
which passes control of energy resources to Brussels.
75% of European oil is in UK waters, so this would
constitute a major coup for the EU, effectively
seizing control of our rich oil fields in the
same way as they seized our fishing grounds.
The key problem of this Constitution is that,
contrary to what the Government claims, it does
not clearly define the powers of the EU institutions
as distinct from the powers of the Member States.
In fact, the Convention, which drew up this unwieldy
document under the chairmanship of Giscard d’Estaing,
has deliberately obscured this through the use
of ‘shared competencies’ and similar
devices.
As someone once commented, the skill of diplomacy
is to take something obnoxious and turn it into
something incomprehensible and that, it seems
to me, is what Giscard achieved. The proposed
Constitution will lead to the inexorable growth
of power in the centre, because it is the constitution
that proposes the expansion of bureaucracy and
the new executive posts to wield that expanded
bureaucratic power.
More of our own laws will be overridden by European
rules and regulations. We will have to give up
no fewer than 32 vetoes. New rules, regulations
and red tape will be extended into areas that
have been free of European interference up to
now. Parliamentary democracy itself will be in
danger. These are attacks on the British way of
doing things, which the British people have never
asked for, never voted for and do not want.
The way to stop all this is a referendum. But
of course Tony Blair refuses to give us a referendum
on the Constitution. Because he knows he would
lose. He is even thinking of holding a referendum
on Britain’s membership of the EU. He thinks
that would call our bluff and distract us from
his rape of British sovereignty.
But it would simply be a red herring. We may
not have many cod left in the North Sea but there
are still plenty of red herrings in Downing Street!
We are not opposed to British membership of the
EU, Mr Blair, but we are opposed to the Constitution.
That’s why we demand a say in a referendum.
If a referendum on the Constitution is good enough
for the people of Spain, Portugal, Denmark and
Ireland, then it’s good enough for the people
of Britain too.
There are signs that our Conservative campaign
for a referendum may be heading for victory. Some
of Mr Blair's key Ministers are advising him to
think again. The man with no reverse gear is suddenly
being asked to do a three-point-turn! We shall
see. But if Blair agrees to a referendum on the
Constitution then as Conservatives we have a clear
policy - BRITAIN SAYS NO.
The second thing we have to do at this coming
European election is save the £. That cannot
happen unless we win a resounding vote of confidence
in the Conservative Party. No other party stands
on the principle of the £. The Liberal Democrats
and the Nationalists have adopted the opposite
principle of getting rid of the £, come
what may. The Labour Government says it has already
decided in principle to get rid of the £
and is only waiting for the right moment. The
question is when, not if.
Strange how that moment never seems to arrive.
On the contrary, it appears for now to be moving
further away from us. There is a good reason for
this. During the last few years, the British economy
has been getting not more like the European economy
but less like the European economy. There has
been divergence, not convergence.
This is because Gordon Brown inherited the strongest
economy in Europe from the last Tory Government
and, despite his best efforts to wreck it, we
have nevertheless stuck to our liberal free-trading
policies and continued to prosper, even when our
European partners have fallen into recession.
Their answer has been to impose more rules and
regulations, so making their industries less able
to recover.
The independence of the £ has made a crucial
difference to our performance. When we have troubles
we can let the exchange rate take the strain,
instead of putting people out of work. As a matter
of fact we have seen the opposite trend. A strong
economy has made for a strong currency too. Who
wants to throw that achievement away for the dubious
argument that we will have more political influence
if we join the euro? Political influence has not
done the Germans much good, with their four million
unemployed. It has not done the French much good,
with their crises in pensions and social security.
We shall follow them into economic decline if
we do not keep the £.
Mind you, Gordon Brown’s borrowing is getting
completely out of hand. We’re not even in
the Eurozone and yet we’ve just been issued
with a written warning by the European Commission.
Our economy is in breach of the Growth & Stability
Pact and the Maastricht criteria. Brown’s
“borrow now, tax later” philosophy
is starting to undermine the strong British economy
he inherited from us, to the point where he is
even upsetting the Brussels bureaucrats.
And of course there is no better example of what
happens when we extend European powers just for
the sake of it, into areas where the European
bureaucrats have no experience and no competence,
than the catastrophe, which has steadily overtaken
the British fishing industry. Every day in my
job as chairman of the fisheries committee of
the European Parliament I see the evidence of
this.
More than 30 years ago, when we were negotiating
Britain’s entry into Europe, the best thing
would have been for us to keep fishing out of
the hands of the European Commission and under
our own control. With misplaced confidence in
the good faith of our partners, we agreed to let
our fisheries become a common asset in which all
our European partners had a share. Not even the
most profound pessimist forecast that this would
lead to the ruin of fishing communities right
round Scotland, often where there is no other
means of earning a living.
It would be easy to tear to pieces the many detailed
regulations, which have brought this about. But
the basic flaw lies deeper. It lies in the method
of making policy at several removes from the fishing
communities, by bureaucrats who only ever read
official documents or scientific reports and never
go near a fishing port or a fishing boat or a
fisherman. It is the opposite to what Europe calls
subsidiarity - of taking decisions as close as
possible to those affected by them. Instead we
take decisions as far as possible away from those
affected by them.
That is why the Conservatives have promised that
when we next form a government we will repatriate
control of our fisheries sector to the UK. We
will have nothing more to do with any common policy
but will bring back control of the fishing industry
to our own Parliaments at Westminster and in Edinburgh,
and to politicians who know the needs of fishermen
because they represent them.
At present the Scottish Executive is opposed
to scrapping the CFP and repatriating control
of our fisheries to the UK. If they maintain that
position, then I hope that while we are negotiating
our withdrawal from the CFP, it will be the Conservative
Secretary of State for Scotland who will represent
Scottish fishermen in the Council of Ministers
in Brussels.
I say that because sadly, Lib/Lab Scottish Executive
Ministers have shown themselves unable and unwilling
to stand up for the interests of our fishermen
at repeated Council meetings.
What has happened to the fishing industry is
only an extreme example of the European way of
doing things, of following not practice but theory.
This results in red tape, in rules and regulations
aimed at an ideal which nobody in their right
minds can seriously expect the people of Europe
to fulfil. All they do is make bureaucrats feel
more virtuous, while the small elitist clique
who run the show, bask in the knowledge that they
are making everyone dance to their tune.
Or at least, there is only one country, which
makes a genuine effort to enforce the rules and
regulations passed in Brussels. That country is
Britain. The rest ignore them when they feel like
it. A fine example is the so-called growth and
stability pact, which I mentioned earlier, which
is supposed to underpin the euro. It ought to
be labelled the slump and instability pact, after
the problems it has caused in Germany especially.
The pact requires members of the euro running
high budget deficits to cut them even in times
of recession while more is being paid out by way
of benefits and less is coming in by way of taxes.
When France and Germany found themselves in this
bind last year, they decided to ignore the growth
and stability pact. In other words, they refused
to follow rules which, from the outset of the
euro, they had imposed on others.
A report published by the European Commission
in January shows that France and Germany each
have failed to implement 200 European Directives
into their national laws. So the two great nations
who always claim to be in the European fast lane,
blazing a trail for the rest of us to follow,
have blatantly thumbed their noses at the very
laws their own politicians have voted for in the
Council of Ministers.
Meanwhile, predictably, the UK has implemented
over 98.5% of all EU directives into British law…..no
doubt gold-plated by our ever enthusiastic army
of civil servants. Red tape has added £30
billion costs to British business since Labour
came to power, £9 billion in the last year
alone!
Since I became an MEP in 1999, the EU has decided
how long we are allowed to work, how long we can
spend at our lunch-break, how many vitamins we
can swallow, how long we can sit on a tractor,
what kind of ladders we can climb and now, unbelievably,
they are looking at a regulation to standardise
rocking horses and even a standardised European
yoghurt – pasteurised, sanitised, homogenised,
lactically correct and ghastly! Under new health
& safety regulations we must now place a sign
at the top of mountains in Scotland warning people
of the danger of heights!
That is why, when the next Conservative government
comes in, we shall make a bonfire of European
controls and we shall cut away the red tape. We
shall argue the case that the British economy
flourishes from its lack of regulation, despite
Gordon Brown’s best efforts to wreck it,
and the European economy would do well to copy
us. At any rate, we shall not be bound by rules
sure to damage us as they have damaged others
before.
The only way to get the kind of Europe we want,
a Europe where the people come first and the bureaucrats
last, is to stand up for the principle that it
has to be a Europe of nation states, not a nation
called Europe.
It has to be a Europe of independent states,
which agree to work together. It must not be a
centralised superstate, a European Union where
the central bureaucracy can override the rights
of the member countries.
Our aim with this will not be to cut ourselves
off from our European partners, still less to
prepare the way for our possible exit from the
Union. Our aim will in fact be precisely the opposite,
to change it into a Union which will receive the
wholehearted endorsement of the British people,
something it has never really had. We want also
to make it into a Union which will receive the
wholehearted endorsement of the people in all
the member countries, some with a very different
political experience from our own.
The best way to do this is create a dynamic European
economy, capable of outdoing the American economy
and in future, no doubt, the Chinese economy.
At the moment we can certainly outdo the American
and Chinese economies in red tape and bureaucracy.
We have to outdo them in the opposite sense, in
the sense of pulling down the barriers to trade
in the single market to create a prosperous society,
which will maintain and create jobs.
We want a Europe of enterprise, affluence and
open government. That is the way to win the loyalty
and commitment of the European peoples. If we
stand up for that principle, we shall find there
are others who agree with us.
The progress towards a superstate has only been
prompted by a few bumptious politicians who want
to find a place in the history books, together
with their willing allies among the bureaucrats
in Brussels. But if we look to the people of Europe
we shall find our own natural allies who will
welcome it if we stand up for that principle.
For example, it is by no means clear that the
people of Denmark and Sweden, with their own long
and proud history, want to find themselves submerged
in a superstate. Recently the Italians have started
supporting us in Europe rather than consenting
to be bamboozled by the French and Germans. I
am not even convinced that the ordinary citizens
of France and Germany want more centralised integration
and more red tape. They are being driven into
it by a powerful and dangerous political elite,
hellbent on the creation of a European superstate.
It is certainly hard to imagine that the ten
new member countries, most of which won their
freedom from Communism only a few years ago, want
to lose it again to another form of supranational
oppression in the European Union.
That means we must seek every opportunity to
maintain our way of doing things, to defend our
freedom and independence. These opportunities
are not always easy to recognise. The EU, like
Gordon Brown’s taxation, advances by stealth,
by deals struck behind the scenes in the dead
of night, out of sight of the ordinary people
of Europe.
When we say this, we cannot be accused of rejecting
Europe. Conservatives do not reject the Europe
we have played a large part in building over the
last 30 years. What we do say is that we can build
a better Europe of self-governing nation states
based on free trade and co-operation. If some
other countries wish to go down a different, integrationist
route, then they should be free to do so. Let’s
have the flexible Europe that Michael Howard called
for in his speech in Berlin in February.
Tony Blair thinks he can get us to the heart
of Europe by bamboozling the British people and
hiding from them the true nature of the choices
he wants them to make. The Conservatives in this
campaign are going to be open and honest about
their aims and aspirations, because we want to
call forth from the British people a genuine and
not a phoney commitment to Europe.
One big opportunity we do have comes every five
years when we elect the European Parliament. I
said at the beginning that one of the most demanding,
but also most frustrating parts of an MEP’s
job is to explain to the voters that this opportunity
is an important one, because Europe already controls
more of our lives than most of us imagine.
European elections have sometimes been lacklustre
affairs for that reason. But that need not be
so, and this time it ought not to be so, because
the election in June happens to coincide with
what may be a real turning point in European affairs.
If we miss this chance to make our views known,
then a new era is likely to dawn in Europe, which
will not be to our liking. It would herald the
centralised European superstate, where power will
be transferred forever from the people to the
bureaucrats and mark the end of our parliamentary
democracy.
It can be stopped, though. And it can best be
stopped by sending a message from Scotland and
from Britain that we reject the centralised, integrated
superstate model of Europe and will not allow
it to be constructed against our will and over
our heads.
That message will best be carried by the Conservative
Party, by a victory of the Conservative party
in the European election. Let us work together
for that victory, and get every vote possible
cast for British freedom and British independence
inside a flexible Europe of free and independent
nation states.
STRUAN STEVENSON MEP
Struan Stevenson is a Conservative
MEP for Scotland. He is President of the European
Parliament’s Fisheries Committee.

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